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Treasury Expands Financial Surveillance of Cash Transactions—What About Crypto?

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The Treasury Department has issued an order ramping up surveillance of financial transactions worth as little as $200 that are processed by businesses in communities along the U.S. southwest border, prompting hand wringing among privacy advocates—including within the cryptocurrency industry.

Questions have abounded over whether the directive could be broadly applied beyond cash to crypto transactions as well. But experts told Decrypt digital asset owners shouldn’t be alarmed. Although the order raises concerns over Americans’ financial privacy rights, it doesn’t apply to people sending and receiving digital assets through platforms such as Coinbase

“There are crypto firms that are licensed and treated as money services businesses,” Coin Center Communications Director Neeraj Agrawal told Decrypt. However, “the order starts with cash, [so] it looks like this [only] targets Western Union-type businesses.”

The temporary order issued last Friday by FinCEN calls for money services businesses in 30 zip codes across California and Texas to report cash transactions over $200, down from the standard $10,000 reporting threshold. Such reporting would entail the name, address, and social security number of the individual initiating the transaction; the amount and type of money being exchanged; and the recipient and purpose of the transaction. 

The directive, which will affect more than one million people, aims to combat the “significant risk to the U.S. financial system of the cartels, drug traffickers, and other criminal actors along the Southwest border,” Secretary of the Treasury Scott Bessent said in a March 11 statement. 

Money laundering through money orders, wire transfers, and other services offered by Western Union-style businesses serves as a crucial financial lifeline for drug cartels, enabling organized criminals to continue operating, and profiting from, illegal activities that often promote violence and corruption in communities along the U.S.-Mexico border. But immigrants and unbanked individuals also rely on those services, using them to send remittances, pay household bills, and settle debts. 

While monitoring transactions processed by money services businesses in some border towns might help thwart drug cartel’s activities, any potential upside of the order will come at the expense of “pretty severe intrusions” into normal people’s lives, Nick Anthony, a policy analyst at Libertarian think tank Cato Institute told Decrypt. 

“This is going to affect folks on the lower end of the income spectrum who frequently use these kinds of alternative financial services,” Anthony said. “People who thought they had a sense of financial privacy are going to quickly find out that the government can actually conduct sweeping surveillance at a moment’s notice.”

And although crypto firms don’t have to comply with the order, the new rules should alarm digital asset holders and anyone else who advocates for financial autonomy and the right to conduct one’s personal business away from the watchful eye of the federal government, Anthony said. 

“This is going to be a pretty harsh wake up for a lot of people that the Fourth Amendment does not work the way many think,” he said. 

Anthony added that the U.S. Treasury’s temporary order, which could later be extended, effectively encourages businesses to also report transactions that fall below the new $200 threshold. 

Money services businesses are required by law to flag anything that looks like structuring, or the act of breaking up large financial transactions into several smaller transactions to avoid federal reporting requirements.  

So, if a business suspects that a client is sending $185 to avoid the $200 reporting threshold, it must file a report with the U.S. Treasury to flag the transaction and the individual who attempted it, Anthony explained. 

“That opens up a whole separate problem where the $200 threshold really effectively becomes a $0 threshold,” he said. 

Those stringent surveillance rules, according to Anthony, could drive clients of Western Union and MoneyGram to crypto. 

“This announcement will push people to look into alternatives, whether that be cryptocurrency or something else,” Anthony said. But, “it should be a decision that people are making solely on what fits them best, solely what fits their needs, not because the other options are being effectively crushed.”

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Trump Aides Look To Reform USAID With Blockchain For ‘Transparency’: Report

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Trump administration officials have crafted a proposal to overhaul U.S. foreign aid programs, with a section exploring how it could make use of blockchain technology to track aid distributions and increase accountability.

The plan would rename the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) as the U.S. Agency for International Humanitarian Assistance and bring it directly under the Secretary of State’s authority, according to an initial report from Politico showing an internal document purportedly circulating at the State Department.

Under a section for “modernized, performance-based procurement,” the document references an initiative to secure and trace distributions “via blockchain technology” to “radically increase security, transparency, and traceability.”

The proposal comes as USAID faces an uncertain future. In January, the State Department placed the agency’s staff on administrative leave and halted payments to partner organizations, prompting legal challenges.

A federal judge has since issued a preliminary injunction against dismantling the agency, following efforts by D.O.G.E., the Department of Government Efficiency, established by Elon Musk that sought to do so.

It remains unclear who authored the document, as it appears to be scanned from a physical copy. Decrypt has reached out to the agency to learn more.

Innovation, efficiency, impact

The proposal further argues that the approach would “encourage innovation and efficiency” and focus on “tangible impact” instead of “simply completing activities and inputs.”

The blockchain implementation appears to be part of broader reforms intended to impose stricter controls on aid distribution, requiring measurable outcomes through “third-party metrics, not self-reporting.”

Congressional authorization would likely be required for major structural changes, though the document indicates some reforms could be implemented through executive action.

More broadly, the proposed overhaul limits USAID’s focus on global health, food security, and disaster response, making U.S. foreign aid initiatives leaner in terms of scope.

The document also outlines a restructured framework based on three organizational pillars—”Safer, More Prosperous, and Stronger”—led by three agencies under the Secretary of State’s direction.

The ideas resonate with existing literature on how blockchain technology could be used for public good. 

A 2018 article published in the Journal for Humanitarian Action cites core features of the technology as having the potential to “remove corruption by providing transparency as well as accountability.”

Edited by Sebastian Sinclair

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Authorities Target Crypto Scammers Posing as Binance in Australia

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Australian authorities have launched a crackdown on crypto scammers impersonating Binance, the world’s largest crypto exchange by trading volume, following a series of fraudulent attacks targeting local users. 

The Australian Federal Police, National Anti-Scam Centre, and Binance Australia are warning victims about the sophisticated scam, which exploits fake messages to steal crypto.

The AFP revealed that over 130 potential victims had been alerted as part of a proactive effort to combat the scam in a joint statement released Wednesday.

The fraudsters previously used SMS and encrypted messaging platforms to pose as Binance representatives, claiming that victims’ accounts had been breached. 

The messages, which appeared to be from legitimate existing threads with Binance, included fake verification codes and a contact phone number that led victims to an imposter hotline. 

Once they called the number, victims were advised to transfer their cryptocurrency to a “trust wallet,” controlled by the scammers.

The crypto scam was identified through Operation Firestorm, a global effort launched last year to disrupt international crime syndicates targeting Australians through digital fraud. 

The AFP worked with international law enforcement to identify the perpetrators, but once the funds were transferred, they were quickly moved through a network of wallets and laundering channels, making recovery nearly impossible.

“The AFP has worked closely with our partners at the NASC to ensure any victims in Australia targeted by these scammers were identified swiftly and given advice to help protect their cryptocurrency accounts,” AFP Commander Cybercrime Operations Graeme Marshall said in a statement..

Authorities have advised the victims of this scam to contact their bank or the crypto exchange immediately and report the incident to the police through ReportCyber, quoting reference number AFP-068. 

Binance Australia has co-operated with the local authorities to crack down on the scam while being embroiled in its own legal challenges.

In December 2024, the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) launched legal proceedings against Binance Australia Derivatives, accusing the platform of misclassifying retail investors and denying them essential consumer protections.

The coordinated effort of the Australian authorities comes on the heels of rising concerns around crypto scams in Australia. 

Last month, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission raised alarms about the potential impact of relaxed crypto regulations in the U.S. under President Donald Trump’s administration. 

ACCC Chair Gina Cass-Gottlieb pointed out that the U.S. government’s move to ease crypto regulation could lead to ‘horror scenarios‘ for investors.

Those fears were reflected in the ACCC’s annual scam report, which revealed Australians lost over $1.3 billion to investment scams in 2023, with crypto scams being a major contributor.

Edited by Sebastian Sinclair

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SEC’s Uyeda Signals Possible Revisions to Crypto Custody Rule

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The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) may revise or abandon former chair Gary Gensler’s controversial proposal that would tighten crypto custody standards for investment advisers.

Under Gensler’s two-year-old proposal, the SEC sought to expand federal custody rules to include assets like crypto, requiring investment advisers to hold client assets with qualified custodians, such as federal- or state-chartered banks.

In his remarks at an investment conference in San Diego on Monday, acting SEC chair Mark Uyeda acknowledged “significant concerns” raised by industry commenters over the “broad scope” of Gensler’s proposal. 

“Given such concern, there may be significant challenges to proceeding with the original proposal,” Uyeda said. 

The regulator mentioned he had directed the SEC staff to work with the agency’s crypto task force to explore alternatives, including withdrawing the rule altogether.

The former SEC chair’s leadership was defined by stringent crypto oversight, but his resignation before Trump took office marked a pivot in the SEC’s regulatory direction.

The SEC’s stance on crypto has shifted considerably under President Donald Trump’s leadership, with a more lenient and collaborative approach replacing the hostile regulatory posture of the Biden administration. 

With Uyeda now at the helm, the SEC is reconsidering several major policies from Gensler’s era, including contentious crypto regulations, which led to a lawsuit by 18 states before his departure.

The changes include rethinking the expanded definition of “exchanges” and halting the enforcement of certain rules that targeted crypto firms.

The SEC under Trump also revoked the s Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) 121 rule that required firms holding crypto assets to record them as liabilities on their balance sheets.

The regulator has since dropped enforcement actions against major crypto firms, including Binance, Kraken, and Coinbase, among others, signaling a major relief from the taxing legal battles and uncertainty that plagued the industry for the past few years.

In line with the Trump administration’s approach to crypto regulation, a significant crypto initiative was the formation of a dedicated crypto task force led by Commissioner ‘Crypto Mom’ Hester Peirce. 

The task force is tasked with working closely with the crypto industry, with its inaugural roundtable, “How We Got Here and How We Get Out – Defining Security Status,” scheduled to be held this Friday.

Edited by Sebastian Sinclair

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